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<span class="nowrap"><strong><em>You Quote It, You Note It!</em></strong> (version <<print $version>>) —</span><span class="nowrap">Developed by Acadia University, </span>
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gender: ["200d-2642", "200d-2640", ""], // man, woman, fixed adult
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"question": "1f914",
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"moreinfo": "1f9d0",
"write": "1f58a",
"finished": "1f973",
"placard": "1f516",
"tip": "1f6a9",
"introduction": "1f4d6",
"end": "1f3c1",
"settings": "1f527",
"license": "1f4d1"
}
}
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<span class="nowrap"><<link "Restart tutorial">><<script>>Engine.restart();<</script>><</link>> / </span>
<span class="nowrap">[[License and usage|License]] / </span>
<span class="nowrap">[[Give your feedback|https://library.acadiau.ca/research/tutorials/feedback.html]]</span>
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<<MemorizeSettings>>! You Quote It, You Note It!
<<link "Let's Begin" "common_intro_01">><</link>>! Introduction
Welcome to the <em>You Quote It, You Note It!</em> tutorial. This tutorial will \
explain what citation is and when and how to cite your sources properly. It will \
also explain the concept of plagiarism, so that you understand how to avoid \
plagiarizing the works of others. The tutorial will take about 10 minutes to \
complete.
But first, what is your name?
<<textbox "$student" "">>
<<PassagePrevNext "common_settings_01">>! Reading Preferences
Next, choose the text options that you find most comfortable to read.
!! Styles
<label class="settings_selector font_family_mixed"> \
<<radiobutton "$font_family" "font_family_mixed" autocheck>> <span class="pseudo_heading">Mixed</span> \
</label> \
<label class="settings_selector font_family_sans"> \
<<radiobutton "$font_family" "font_family_sans" autocheck>> Sans-serif \
</label> \
<label class="settings_selector font_family_serif"> \
<<radiobutton "$font_family" "font_family_serif" autocheck>> Serif \
</label> \
<label class="settings_selector font_family_dyslexic"> \
<<radiobutton "$font_family" "font_family_dyslexic" autocheck>> Dyslexic \
</label>
!! Sizes
<label class="settings_selector font_size_regular"> \
<<radiobutton "$font_size" "font_size_regular" autocheck>> Regular \
</label> \
<label class="settings_selector font_size_large"> \
<<radiobutton "$font_size" "font_size_large" autocheck>> Large \
</label> \
<label class="settings_selector font_size_extralarge"> \
<<radiobutton "$font_size" "font_size_extralarge" autocheck>> Extra-Large \
</label>
<<PassagePrevNext "common_settings_02">>! Avatar Preferences
Finally, choose an avatar.
!! Personas
<label class="settings_selector avatar"> \
<<radiobutton "$avatar['settings']['persona']" "person" autocheck>> <<GenerateAvatar "face" "person">> \
</label> \
<label class="settings_selector avatar"> \
<<radiobutton "$avatar['settings']['persona']" "male" autocheck>> <<GenerateAvatar "face" "male">> \
</label> \
<label class="settings_selector avatar"> \
<<radiobutton "$avatar['settings']['persona']" "female" autocheck>> <<GenerateAvatar "face" "female">> \
</label> \
<label class="settings_selector avatar"> \
<<radiobutton "$avatar['settings']['persona']" "smiley" autocheck>> <<GenerateAvatar "face" "smiley">> \
</label>
!! Skin Tones
<label class="settings_selector avatar"> \
<<radiobutton "$avatar['settings']['skintone']" "1f3fb" autocheck>> <<GenerateAvatar "face" "person" "1f3fb">> \
</label> \
<label class="settings_selector avatar"> \
<<radiobutton "$avatar['settings']['skintone']" "1f3fc" autocheck>> <<GenerateAvatar "face" "person" "1f3fc">> \
</label> \
<label class="settings_selector avatar"> \
<<radiobutton "$avatar['settings']['skintone']" "1f3fd" autocheck>> <<GenerateAvatar "face" "person" "1f3fd">> \
</label> \
<label class="settings_selector avatar"> \
<<radiobutton "$avatar['settings']['skintone']" "1f3fe" autocheck>> <<GenerateAvatar "face" "person" "1f3fe">> \
</label> \
<label class="settings_selector avatar"> \
<<radiobutton "$avatar['settings']['skintone']" "1f3ff" autocheck>> <<GenerateAvatar "face" "person" "1f3ff">> \
</label> \
<<PassagePrevNext "common_citation_00">>! Citation
<<PassagePrevNext "common_citation_01">>! What is citation?
Citation is the process of documenting the sources you use in your writing. A \
source is any document (a book, an article, a video, etc.) that you borrow ideas \
from to support your writing. The specific details of how you cite your sources \
depend on the citation style that you use, but generally, all citation includes \
two parts: an in-text citation (a note in the body of your paper) and a \
bibliography entry (a longer note at the end of your paper).
<<PassagePrevNext "common_citation_02">>! Citation
There are many different citation styles out there, but here are a few of the most \
common ones:
!! APA
This style originates in psychology but is used widely in the social sciences \
and sciences. If you're not sure which style to choose, try this one.
!! MLA
This style is managed by the Modern Language Association and is used primarily \
in the study of language and literature. English majors, this one is for you.
!! Chicago
This is another popular style in the humanities and social sciences. History, \
politics, and theology majors should choose this style.
!! ASA
This style is used exclusively in sociology. If you're a sociology major, choose \
this style.
<<PassagePrevNext "common_citation_03">>! Citation
Let's start by choosing the style that will be shown to you during this \
tutorial.
<<back "< Back">> \
<<link "APA" "common_citation_04">><<set $style = "APA">><</link>> \
<<link "MLA" "common_citation_04">><<set $style = "MLA">><</link>> \
<<link "Chicago" "common_citation_04">><<set $style = "Chicago">><</link>> \
<<link "ASA" "common_citation_04">><<set $style = "ASA">><</link>>! Citation
Now that you've selected your citation style, let's dig into the basics:
Why cite sources?
<<PassagePrevNext "common_citation_05">>! Citation
While writing can often feel like a solitary activity, good academic writing is \
actually an asynchronous conversation involving many parties.
<<PassagePrevNext "common_citation_06">>! Citation
One party is you, the author. You are sharing your thoughts on paper (or on a \
screen), but those thoughts have not developed in your brain from nothing.
<<PassagePrevNext "common_citation_07">>! Citation
You've received ideas from other researchers. They have, in a sense, spoken to \
you. They are part of the conversation. And then there are the people who you \
will speak to through your writing—people who will add your thoughts and \
ideas (and by extension, the thoughts and ideas of all the authors that you \
read) to their own ideas.
<<PassagePrevNext "common_citation_08">>! Citation
Citing sources is of fundamental importance to this conversation.
<<PassagePrevNext "common_citation_09">>! Citation
By properly citing your sources, you can quickly provide important context for \
your research, and lead your readers to the research that you relied on to \
inform your work. Your readers can then engage with the ideas that came before \
yours, allowing them to contribute to the conversation.
<<PassagePrevNext "common_citation_10">>! Citation
It is this conversation that pushes all research forward. Researchers comment on \
each other's work, informing one another, and generating newer and better ideas \
within a given subject area.
<<PassagePrevNext "common_citation_11">>! Citation
In this sense, properly citing your sources is a tremendous gift to future \
researchers.
<<PassagePrevNext "common_citation_12">>! Citation
And, as an added bonus, readers will be more likely to trust the validity of \
your arguments when they are clearly supported by the work of others.
<<PassagePrevNext "common_plagiarism_00">>! Plagiarism
<<PassagePrevNext "common_plagiarism_01">>! Plagiarism
If all of those wonderful reasons to properly cite your sources aren't enough to \
convince you to do it, there is something else you should know. There is a name \
for the act of failing to properly cite your sources: plagiarism. And plagiarism \
is a punishable academic offence!
<<PassagePrevNext "common_plagiarism_02">>! Plagiarism
What exactly is plagiarism? \
[[Acadia's calendar|https://registrar.acadiau.ca/AcademicCalendars.html]] \
defines it as "the act of presenting the ideas or words of another as one's own" \
(p. 37).
Using another writer's ideas or words is a normal part of academic work, but you \
must clearly indicate when you are doing this.
<<PassagePrevNext "common_plagiarism_03">>! Plagiarism
[[Acadia's calendar|https://registrar.acadiau.ca/AcademicCalendars.html]] \
continues: "Self-plagiarism is also a form of plagiarism. It is the presentation \
of the same work in more than one course without the permission of the \
instructors involved" (p. 37). Writing two different papers on the same topic \
for two different courses is fine, but you can't submit the exact same paper in \
both courses unless both instructors agree.
<<PassagePrevNext "common_plagiarism_04">>! Plagiarism
If you are caught plagiarising, there are a range of penalties you may face, \
including:
* Failing your assignment
* Failing your course
* Being expelled from university
<<PassagePrevNext "common_plagiarism_05">>! Plagiarism
Proper citation helps you write a better paper and stay out of trouble. And it \
helps future researchers too! Everyone wins with proper citation.
<<PassagePrevNext "common_plagiarism_06">>! Plagiarism
Now, let's see if you can identify what plagiarism looks like.
<<PassagePrevNext "common_plagiarism_07">><<set $next_common_passage = "common_plagiarism_08">>
<<set $include_passage = "style_" + $style.toLowerCase() + "_plagiarism_01">>
<<include $include_passage>><<set $next_common_passage = "common_tip_01">>
<<set $include_passage = "style_"+ $style.toLowerCase() + "_plagiarism_02">>
<<include $include_passage>>! Tip #1
Paraphrasing improperly is still plagiarism! To paraphrase properly, you must:
<<nobr>>
<<switch $style.toLowerCase()>>
<<case "apa">>
<<set _txt = "an in-text citation AND in your References list">>
<<case "asa">>
<<set _txt = "an in-text reference AND in your References list">>
<<case "chicago">>
<<set _txt = "a footnote OR an in-text reference, AND in your Bibliography">>
<<case "mla">>
<<set _txt = "an in-text citation AND in your Works Cited list">>
<</switch>>
<</nobr>>
# really, truly use your own words and sentence structure: don't just change a \
couple of words;
# cite the source with <<print _txt>>.
<<PassagePrevNext "common_tip_02">>! Tip #2
Putting quotation marks around quotations isn't enough!
<<nobr>>
<<switch $style>>
<<case "APA">>
<<set _txt = "an in-text citation AND cite the source fully in your References list">>
<<case "ASA">>
<<set _txt = "an in-text reference AND cite the source fully in your References list">>
<<case "Chicago">>
<<set _txt = "a footnote OR an in-text reference, AND cite the source fully in your Bibliography">>
<<case "MLA">>
<<set _txt = "an in-text citation AND cite the source fully in your Works Cited list">>
<</switch>>
<</nobr>>
You still have to insert <<print _txt>>.
<<PassagePrevNext "common_knowledge_00">>! Common knowledge
<<PassagePrevNext "common_knowledge_01">>! Common knowledge
Common knowledge does not need to be cited. But what exactly //is// common \
knowledge?
"Common knowledge" refers to facts that are widely known to society at large \
(general common knowledge) or to a particular discipline (discipline-specific \
common knowledge).
<<PassagePrevNext "common_knowledge_02">>! Common knowledge
''General common knowledge'' includes things like basic facts about famous \
people (Mozart was born in 1756), well-known historical events (Canada won the \
Summit Series in 1972), or scientific facts (table salt is sodium chloride). It \
should be clear from the Summit Series example that what is general common \
knowledge in one culture or country is not necessarily common knowledge in \
another, so it is important to consider your intended reader's context.
<<PassagePrevNext "common_knowledge_03">>! Common knowledge
''Discipline-specific common knowledge'' refers to basic facts that would be \
common knowledge only to people well-versed in the discipline and not \
necessarily to society at large. For example, a reference to the zeroth law of \
thermodynamics would not need to be cited in a physics paper because it would \
be commonly known among physicists, but it would need to be cited in a paper \
intended for a non-specialist audience for whom it would //not// be commonly \
known.
<<PassagePrevNext "common_knowledge_04">>! Common knowledge
''When in doubt, cite!'' It is always safer to cite something that doesn't need \
to be cited than to //not// cite something that //does// need to be cited!
<<PassagePrevNext "common_knowledge_05">><<set $next_common_passage = "common_knowledge_06">>
<<set $include_passage = "style_"+ $style.toLowerCase() + "_knowledge_01">>
<<include $include_passage>><<set $next_common_passage = "common_knowledge_07">>
/* next passage exception for ASA style content which does not have a third
common knowledge element, thus "common_knowledge_07" must be skipped. */
<<if $style.toLowerCase() == "asa">>
<<set $next_common_passage = "common_quotvpara_00">>
<</if>>
<<set $include_passage = "style_"+ $style.toLowerCase() + "_knowledge_02">>
<<include $include_passage>><<set $next_common_passage = "common_tip_03">>
<<set $include_passage = "style_"+ $style.toLowerCase() + "_knowledge_03">>
<<include $include_passage>>! Tip #3
Even if you found something online, you must still cite it!
Using things from the web is no different than using print sources as far as \
plagiarism goes: you still have to cite the source. Just because something is \
publicly available on the web doesn't mean that it's in the public \
domain—and even it it really //is// in the public domain, you still have \
to cite it.
<<PassagePrevNext "common_tip_04">>! Tip #4
Start your research early!
It is important to give yourself lots of time to do research before your paper \
is due. It can take time to find the best resources to support your arguments, \
and you may find that your arguments change as you do research and learn more \
about your topic. So, make sure to start your research well before your work is \
due.
<<PassagePrevNext "common_quotvpara_00">>! Quoting vs Paraphrasing
<<PassagePrevNext "common_quotvpara_01">>! Quoting vs Paraphrasing
Quoting is copying a source exactly, word for word. A direct quotation is placed \
between double quotation marks to indicate precisely where the copying begins \
and ends, and the source must always be cited.
Paraphrasing is taking information from a source and putting it into your own \
words. A paraphrase is not indicated by quotation marks because it's not an \
exact copy, but the source must still be cited.
<<PassagePrevNext "common_quotvpara_02">>! Quoting vs Paraphrasing
How do you know whether you should quote or paraphrase a source?
Quoting is only necessary when the exact words of the source matter. For example, \
if you are writing an English paper in which you are analyzing the actual words \
and phrases an author uses, it is helpful to your reader if you directly quote \
those words and phrases. Quotation is therefore much more common in the \
discipline of literature and language studies than in any other subject area.
The other situations in which quotation is preferable to paraphrasing, in any \
discipline, are if the language of the original source is extremely well-known \
or historically significant (e.g. "To be or not to be") or if it is so perfectly \
crafted that any attempt to paraphrase would diminish or fail to capture its \
meaning.
These situations are rare, so apart from the literary essay, you should normally \
choose paraphrasing over quotation.
<<PassagePrevNext "common_quotvpara_03">>! Quoting vs Paraphrasing
''Quote'' if the exact words of the source matter.
''Paraphrase'' if it's just the idea expressed by the source that matters.
<<PassagePrevNext "common_quotvpara_04">><<set $include_passage = "style_"+ $style.toLowerCase() + "_quotvpara_01_include">>
<<include $include_passage>>
<<PassagePrevNext "common_quotvpara_05">><<set $include_passage = "style_"+ $style.toLowerCase() + "_quotvpara_02_include">>
<<include $include_passage>>
<<PassagePrevNext "common_quotvpara_06">><<set $include_passage = "style_"+ $style.toLowerCase() + "_quotvpara_03_include">>
<<include $include_passage>>
<<PassagePrevNext "common_quotvpara_07">><<set $next_common_passage = "common_quotvpara_08">>
<<set $include_passage = "style_"+ $style.toLowerCase() + "_quotvpara_04">>
<<include $include_passage>><<set $next_common_passage = "common_quotvpara_09">>
<<set $include_passage = "style_"+ $style.toLowerCase() + "_quotvpara_05">>
<<include $include_passage>><<set $next_common_passage = "common_quotvpara_10">>
<<set $include_passage = "style_"+ $style.toLowerCase() + "_quotvpara_06">>
<<include $include_passage>><<set $next_common_passage = "common_tip_05">>
<<set $include_passage = "style_"+ $style.toLowerCase() + "_quotvpara_07">>
<<include $include_passage>>! Tip #5
Use direct quotations sparingly. The majority of your paper should be in your \
own words.
<<PassagePrevNext "common_tip_06">>! Tip #6
If you're unsure of if, when, or how to cite something, check a citation guide, \
ask your professor, or ask a librarian.
<<PassagePrevNext "common_tip_07">>! Tip #7
Document your sources immediately as you are doing your research. That way, when \
you're writing your paper, you'll always know where that perfect quotation came \
from.
<<PassagePrevNext "common_zotero_00">>! Zotero
<<PassagePrevNext "common_zotero_01">>! Zotero
* Zotero is a citation management tool that can help you track, organize, and \
cite your sources.
* This tool is open source and freely available, meaning you can use it even \
after you leave Acadia University.
* Visit [[https://libguides.acadiau.ca/zotero]] to learn more and for help \
setting Zotero up on your computer.
* If you need further assistance, any of our Librarians can help you! Book an \
appointment with a Librarian either through our general email \
[[ref-desk@acadiau.ca|mailto:ref-desk@acadiau.ca]] or contact your Librarian via \
[[https://library.acadiau.ca/about/people.html]].
<<PassagePrevNext "common_outro_00">>! Wrapping Up
<<PassagePrevNext "common_outro_01">>! Thanks for taking our tutorial!
We hope you've learned the basics about citation and how to avoid plagiarism.
* Remember you can always get help from your professor or from the Library if \
you have any questions. Every student has their own Librarian! Find out who your \
Librarian is at [[https://library.acadiau.ca/about/people.html]].
* You can also get help at the Research Help Desk by email \
[[ref-desk@acadiau.ca|mailto:ref-desk@acadiau.ca]].
<<PassagePrevNext "common_outro_02">>! Getting Help
* Chicago [[https://libguides.acadiau.ca/chicago-turabian]]
* MLA [[https://libguides.acadiau.ca/MLA]]
* APA [[https://libguides.acadiau.ca/apa]]
* Writing Centre [[https://writingcentre.acadiau.ca]]
* Plagiarism [[https://libguides.acadiau.ca/plagiarism]]
* You Quote It, You Note It Quiz [[https://acorn.acadiau.ca/course/view.php?id=21289]]
<<PassagePrevNext "common_outro_03">>! Other Resources
<ul>
<li>Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL)
<ul>
<li>[[APA Guide|https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/index.html]]</li>
<li>[[Chicago Guide|https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/chicago_manual_17th_edition/cmos_formatting_and_style_guide/chicago_manual_of_style_17th_edition.html]]</li>
<li>[[MLA Guide|https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/mla_style/mla_style_introduction.html]]</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Plagiarism: A Faculty Member's Guide</li>
<li>Plagiarism: A Student's Guide</li>
<li>Acadia University's statement on Academic Integrity and procedures concerning \
infractions of academic integrity: [[https://registrar.acadiau.ca/Registration.html]]</li>
</ul>
<<PassagePrevNext "End">>! The End
<<nobr>><div class="certificate">
<<script>>jQuery(this.output).wiki('<div class="grade ' + State.getVar("$grade") + '">' + State.getVar("$grade") + '</div>');<</script>>
<div class="remarks">
<<if $student>><<print "<p>" + $student + ":</p>">><</if>>
<p>You answered <<print $cnt_answer_correct>> of
<<print $cnt_answer_correct + $cnt_answer_incorrect>> questions correctly
and completed <<print $cnt_answer_fixed>> "fix it" segments in the
<<print $style>> citation style tutorial.</p>
</div>
</div><</nobr>>
<<link "Learn about another citation style" "common_citation_02">><</link>> \
<<link "Start the tutorial again">><<script>>Engine.restart();<</script>><</link>>! Is this plagiarism?
Copying a direct quotation into your paper, placing quotation marks around it, \
and crediting the source.
> "In Canada and the US, the russet Burbank is the favorite processing potato" \
(Kneen, 1999, p. 105-106)
> ...
> References:
> <span class="hanging_indent">Kneen, B. (1999). \
//Farmageddon: Food and the culture of biotechnology.// New Society \
Publishing.</span>
<<AnswerChoices
"style_apa_plagiarism_01" $next_common_passage "hide"
"style_apa_plagiarism_01_include_answer_yes" "Yes, this is plagiarism"
"style_apa_plagiarism_01_include_answer_no" "No, this is not plagiarism"
>>!! Incorrect
This is not plagiarism.
Copying information word-for-word from a source is okay as long as you put \
quotation marks around the copied information and give credit to the source.
<<AnswerStatus
"style_apa_plagiarism_01"
"incorrect"
>>!! Correct
You're right! This is not plagiarism because there are quotation marks around \
the copied information and the source is credited.
<<AnswerStatus
"style_apa_plagiarism_01"
"correct"
>>! Is this plagiarism?
How about this?
Taking someone's ideas or words, putting them into your own words, and crediting \
the source.
> The most popular potato processed in North America is the russet Burbank \
(Kneen, 1999).
> ...
> References:
> <span class="hanging_indent">Kneen, B. (1999). \
//Farmageddon: Food and the culture of biotechnology.// New Society \
Publishing.</span>
<<AnswerChoices
"style_apa_plagiarism_02" $next_common_passage "hide"
"style_apa_plagiarism_02_include_answer_yes" "Yes, this is plagiarism"
"style_apa_plagiarism_02_include_answer_no" "No, this is not plagiarism"
>>!! Incorrect
Actually, this is not plagiarism: it's paraphrasing.
Paraphrasing is fine as long as you credit the source and the paraphrase is \
entirely in your words—just changing a couple words here and there \
doesn't cut it.
<<AnswerStatus
"style_apa_plagiarism_02"
"incorrect"
>>!! Correct
You're right! This is not plagiarism. It's paraphrasing.
Paraphrasing is fine as long as you credit the source and the paraphrase is \
entirely in your words—just changing a couple words here and there \
doesn't cut it.
<<AnswerStatus
"style_apa_plagiarism_02"
"correct"
>>! Common knowledge or not?
One sentence is common knowledge and the other is not. Pick the one that needs \
to be cited.
''Sentence A''
> The Molsons are one of Canada's most influential business families.
''Sentence B''
> The first modern Molson brand, Export Ale, appeared in 1903.
<<AnswerChoices
"style_apa_knowledge_01" $next_common_passage "hide"
"style_apa_knowledge_01_include_answer_a" "Sentence A"
"style_apa_knowledge_01_include_answer_b" "Sentence B"
>>!! Incorrect
Actually, this is common knowledge and doesn't need to be cited. (But when in \
doubt, it's better to cite than not.)
<<AnswerStatus
"style_apa_knowledge_01"
"incorrect"
>>!! Correct
You're right! This needs to be cited. It's from this book:
> Hunter, D. (2001). //Molson: The birth of a business empire.// Viking.
<<AnswerStatus
"style_apa_knowledge_01"
"correct"
>>! Common knowledge or not?
One sentence is common knowledge and the other is not. Pick the one that needs \
to be cited.
''Sentence A''
> The Mexican peso devaluation in 1994 seriously affected the country's \
financial markets.
''Sentence B''
> The peso is the currency used in the country of Mexico.
<<AnswerChoices
"style_apa_knowledge_02" $next_common_passage "hide"
"style_apa_knowledge_02_include_answer_a" "Sentence A"
"style_apa_knowledge_02_include_answer_b" "Sentence B"
>>!! Correct
You're right! This needs to be cited. It's from this journal article:
> Goldberg, C.S. & Veitch, J.M. (2003). Exchange rate crisis and firm values: A \
case study of Mexico's tequila crisis. \
//Journal of American Academy of Business//, 2(2), 545-549.
<<AnswerStatus
"style_apa_knowledge_02"
"correct"
>>!! Incorrect
Actually, this is common knowledge and doesn't need to be cited. (But when in \
doubt, it's better to cite than not.)
<<AnswerStatus
"style_apa_knowledge_02"
"incorrect"
>>! Common knowledge or not?
One sentence is common knowledge and the other is not. Pick the one that needs \
to be cited.
''Sentence A''
> The Canadian government's tax cut in 2001 prompted the Bank of Canada to \
reduce interest rates.
''Sentence B''
> The Bank of Canada regulates interest rates.
<<AnswerChoices
"style_apa_knowledge_03" $next_common_passage "hide"
"style_apa_knowledge_03_include_answer_a" "Sentence A"
"style_apa_knowledge_03_include_answer_b" "Sentence B"
>>!! Correct
You're right! This needs to be cited. It's from this article:
> Manley, J. (2003, April 12). Statement prepared for the International Monetary \
Fund. """http://www.fin.gc.ca/news03/03-024e.html""".
<<AnswerStatus
"style_apa_knowledge_03"
"correct"
>>!! Incorrect
Actually, this is common knowledge and doesn't need to be cited. (But when in \
doubt, it's better to cite than not.)
<<AnswerStatus
"style_apa_knowledge_03"
"incorrect"
>>! Quoting and Paraphrasing: Differences
Maybe it would help to show the difference between quoting and paraphrasing, and \
how to do each correctly using APA style.
Imagine that this passage from a book about genetically modified foods is one \
that you would like to use in your essay.
> In Canada and the US, the russet Burbank is the favorite processing potato. It \
is therefore not surprising that the russet Burbank appeared on the market as the \
first trans-genic potato, engineered to contain //Bacillus thuringiensis// \
toxins...! Quoting and Paraphrasing: Differences
!! Quoting
A quotation uses exactly the same words as those found in the source material \
and puts them in quotation marks. Here's what a quotation looks like with a \
proper in-text reference in APA style:
> "It is therefore not surprising that the russet Burbank appeared on the market \
as the first trans-genic potato, engineered to contain Bacillus thuringiensis \
(Bt) toxins derived from a common soil bacterium" (Kneen, 1999, p. 105-106).
> ...
> References:
> <span class="hanging_indent">Kneen, B. (1999). \
//Farmageddon: Food and the culture of biotechnology.// New Society \
Publishing.</span>! Quoting and Paraphrasing: Differences
!! Paraphrasing
A paraphrase is another author’s ideas expressed //in your own words//—\
without quotation marks, since it's no longer a word-for-word quotation. And \
just changing a few words from the original doesn't count!
> The popular North American russet Burbank potato is said to have been the \
first genetically modified spud to contain Bt toxins (Kneen, 1999).
> ...
> References:
> <span class="hanging_indent">Kneen, B. (1999). \
//Farmageddon: Food and the culture of biotechnology.// New Society \
Publishing.</span>! Quoting and Paraphrasing: Differences
!! Quoting
Now that you know the difference between quoting and paraphrasing, let's make \
sure you can do it properly in an actual assignment. Imagine that this is your \
essay so far:
> The biotechnology industry continues to affect many of the staple foods of \
our Western diet. ''In Canada and the US, the russet Burbank is the favorite \
processing potato. It is therefore not surprising that the russet Burbank \
appeared on the market as the first trans-genetic potato, engineered to contain \
//Bacillus thuringiensis// (Bt) toxins.''
Is this plagiarism?
<<AnswerChoices
"style_apa_quotvpara_04" $next_common_passage "hide"
"style_apa_quotvpara_04_include_answer_yes" "Yes, this is plagiarism"
"style_apa_quotvpara_04_include_answer_no" "No, this is not plagiarism"
>>!! Correct
Good catch! This is plagiarism because the quotation is not in quotation marks \
and the source is not cited!
<<AnswerStatus
"style_apa_quotvpara_04"
"correct"
>>!! Incorrect
Oh yes, it is! This is plagiarism because the quotation is not in quotation \
marks and the source is not cited.
<<AnswerStatus
"style_apa_quotvpara_04"
"incorrect"
>>! Quoting and Paraphrasing: Differences
!! Quoting Revisions
Click "Fix it" to see how to quote without plagiarising.
> The biotechnology industry continues to affect many of the staple foods of \
our Western diet. ''In Canada and the US, the russet Burbank is the favorite \
processing potato. It is therefore not surprising that the russet Burbank \
appeared on the market as the first trans-genetic potato, engineered to contain \
//Bacillus thuringiensis// (Bt) toxins.''
<<AnswerChoices
"style_apa_quotvpara_05" $next_common_passage "hide"
"style_apa_quotvpara_05_include_answer_fix" "Fix it"
>>!! Fixed
> The biotechnology industry continues to affect many of the staple foods of \
our Western diet. ''"In Canada and the US, the russet Burbank is the favorite \
processing potato. It is therefore not surprising that the russet Burbank \
appeared on the market as the first trans-genetic potato, engineered to contain \
//Bacillus thuringiensis// (Bt) toxins." (Kneen, 1999, p. 105).''
> ...
> References:
> <span class="hanging_indent">Kneen, B. (1999). \
//Farmageddon: Food and the culture of biotechnology.// New Society \
Publishing.</span>
<<AnswerStatus
"style_apa_quotvpara_05"
"fixed"
>>! Quoting and Paraphrasing: Differences
!! Paraphrasing
> The biotechnology industry continues to affect many of the staple foods of \
our Western diet. ''The popular North American russet Burbank potato is said to \
have been the first genetically modified spud to contain Bt toxins.''
Is this plagiarism?
<<AnswerChoices
"style_apa_quotvpara_06" $next_common_passage "hide"
"style_apa_quotvpara_06_include_answer_yes" "Yes, this is plagiarism"
"style_apa_quotvpara_06_include_answer_no" "No, this is not plagiarism"
>>!! Correct
Definitely. The author has used their own words and sentence structure but \
forgotten to cite the source!
<<AnswerStatus
"style_apa_quotvpara_06"
"correct"
>>!! Incorrect
Actually, it IS plagiarism. Although they used their own words and sentence \
structure, they have forgotten to cite the source!
<<AnswerStatus
"style_apa_quotvpara_06"
"incorrect"
>>! Quoting and Paraphrasing: Differences
!! Paraphrasing Revisions
Click "Fix it" to see how to paraphrase without plagiarising.
> The biotechnology industry continues to affect many of the staple foods of \
our Western diet. ''The popular North American russet Burbank potato is said to \
have been the first genetically modified spud to contain Bt toxins.''
<<AnswerChoices
"style_apa_quotvpara_07" $next_common_passage "hide"
"style_apa_quotvpara_07_include_answer_fix" "Fix it"
>>!! Fixed
> The biotechnology industry continues to affect many of the staple foods of \
our Western diet. ''The popular North American russet Burbank potato is said to \
have been the first genetically modified spud to contain Bt toxins'' (Kneen, \
1999).
> ...
> References:
> <span class="hanging_indent">Kneen, B. (1999). \
//Farmageddon: Food and the culture of biotechnology.// New Society \
Publishing.</span>
<<AnswerStatus
"style_apa_quotvpara_07"
"fixed"
>>! Is this plagiarism?
Copying a direct quotation into your paper, placing quotation marks around it, \
and crediting the source.
> "Players who focus on human resources required for a ritual event, for example, \
new or preexisting social networks, will be more likely to feel committed to \
their MMORPG community, while players who focus on nonhuman resources or material \
aspects of the game like collecting gold or equipment in the game are less likely \
to feel committed to their MMORPG community" (Simpson, Knottnerus, and Stern \
2018:9).
> ...
> References:
> <span class="hanging_indent">Simpson, Joseph M., J. David Knottnerus, and \
Michael J. Stern. 2018. "Virtual Rituals: Community, Emotion, and Ritual in \
Massive Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games—A Quantitative Test and \
Extension of Structural Ritualization Theory." \
//Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World// \ 4:1-13. doi: \
10.1177/2378023118779839.</span>
<<AnswerChoices
"style_asa_plagiarism_01" $next_common_passage "hide"
"style_asa_plagiarism_01_include_answer_yes" "Yes, this is plagiarism"
"style_asa_plagiarism_01_include_answer_no" "No, this is not plagiarism"
>>!! Incorrect
This is not plagiarism.
Copying information word-for-word from a source is okay as long as you put \
quotation marks around the copied information and give credit to the source.
<<AnswerStatus
"style_asa_plagiarism_01"
"incorrect"
>>!! Correct
You're right! This is not plagiarism because there are quotation marks around \
the copied information and the source is credited.
<<AnswerStatus
"style_asa_plagiarism_01"
"correct"
>>! Is this plagiarism?
How about this?
Taking someone's ideas or words, putting them into your own words, and crediting \
the source.
> In MMORPGs, the players who are most committed to their online communities \
are those whose main goal is to engage with other players, rather than to \
acquire in-game loot (Simpson, Knottnerus, and Stern 2018:9).
> ...
> References:
> <span class="hanging_indent">Simpson, Joseph M., J. David Knottnerus, and \
Michael J. Stern. 2018. "Virtual Rituals: Community, Emotion, and Ritual in \
Massive Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games—A Quantitative Test and \
Extension of Structural Ritualization Theory." \
//Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World// \ 4:1-13. doi: \
10.1177/2378023118779839.</span>
<<AnswerChoices
"style_asa_plagiarism_02" $next_common_passage "hide"
"style_asa_plagiarism_02_include_answer_yes" "Yes, this is plagiarism"
"style_asa_plagiarism_02_include_answer_no" "No, this is not plagiarism"
>>!! Incorrect
Actually, this is not plagiarism: it's paraphrasing.
Paraphrasing is fine as long as you credit the source and the paraphrase is \
entirely in your words—just changing a couple words here and there \
doesn't cut it.
<<AnswerStatus
"style_asa_plagiarism_02"
"incorrect"
>>!! Correct
You're right! This is not plagiarism. It's paraphrasing.
Paraphrasing is fine as long as you credit the source and the paraphrase is \
entirely in your words—just changing a couple words here and there \
doesn't cut it.
<<AnswerStatus
"style_asa_plagiarism_02"
"correct"
>>! Common knowledge or not?
One sentence is common knowledge and the other is not. Pick the one that needs \
to be cited.
''Sentence A''
> There are children living in poverty in Canada.
''Sentence B''
> Nova Scotia is the only province that experienced an increase in child poverty \
between 2015 and 2017.
<<AnswerChoices
"style_asa_knowledge_01" $next_common_passage "hide"
"style_asa_knowledge_01_include_answer_a" "Sentence A"
"style_asa_knowledge_01_include_answer_b" "Sentence B"
>>!! Incorrect
Actually, this is common knowledge and doesn't need to be cited. (But when in \
doubt, it's better to cite than not.)
<<AnswerStatus
"style_asa_knowledge_01"
"incorrect"
>>!! Correct
You're right! This needs to be cited. It's from this report:
> Frank, Lesley and Laura Fisher. 2020. "2019 Report Card on Child and Family \
Poverty in Nova Scotia: Three Decades Lost." Halifax, NS: Canadian Association \
of Policy Alternatives. \
"""https://www.policyalternatives.ca/publications/reports/2019-report-card-child-and-family-poverty-nova-scotia""".
<<AnswerStatus
"style_asa_knowledge_01"
"correct"
>>! Common knowledge or not?
One sentence is common knowledge and the other is not. Pick the one that needs \
to be cited.
''Sentence A''
> Unlike the Civil Rights Movement, whose female leadership took a backseat to \
men, Black Lives Matter was founded by three female community organizers: \
Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi.
''Sentence B''
> Black Lives Matter is an anti-racist social movement.
<<AnswerChoices
"style_asa_knowledge_02" $next_common_passage "hide"
"style_asa_knowledge_02_include_answer_a" "Sentence A"
"style_asa_knowledge_02_include_answer_b" "Sentence B"
>>!! Correct
You're right! This needs to be cited. It's from this journal article:
> Jones-Eversley, Sharon, A. Christson Adedoyin, Michael A. Robinson, and Sharon \
E. Moore. 2017. "Protesting Black Inequality: A Commentary on the Civil Rights \
Movement and Black Lives Matter." //Journal of Community Practice// \
25(3-4):309-24. doi: 10.1080/10705422.2017.1367343.
<<AnswerStatus
"style_asa_knowledge_02"
"correct"
>>!! Incorrect
Actually, this is common knowledge and doesn't need to be cited. (But when in \
doubt, it's better to cite than not.)
<<AnswerStatus
"style_asa_knowledge_02"
"incorrect"
>>/* NOT USED IN ASA CONTENT
See storyinclude_common.tw::common_knowledge_06 for next-passage exception. *//* NOT USED IN ASA CONTENT
See storyinclude_common.tw::common_knowledge_06 for next-passage exception. *//* NOT USED IN ASA CONTENT
See storyinclude_common.tw::common_knowledge_06 for next-passage exception. */! Quoting and Paraphrasing: Differences
Maybe it would help to show the difference between quoting and paraphrasing, and \
how to do each correctly using ASA style.
Here is a passage from a journal article that you could use in your paper:
> Since YouTube creators enjoy the reputation as reliable endorsers, companies \
search for appropriate influencers in the social media sphere in hope of finding \
credible people disseminating their brand's message.! Quoting and Paraphrasing: Differences
!! Quoting
A quotation uses exactly the same words as those found in the source material \
and puts them in quotation marks. Here's what a quotation looks like with a \
proper in-text reference in ASA style:
> "Since YouTube creators enjoy the reputation as reliable endorsers, companies \
search for appropriate influencers in the social media sphere in hope of finding \
credible people disseminating their brand's message" (Schwemmer and Ziewiecki \
2018:4).
> ...
> References:
> <span class="hanging_indent">Schwemmer, Carsten and Sandra Ziewiecki. 2018. \
"Social Media Sellout: The Increasing Role of Product Promotion on YouTube." \
//Social Media + Society// 4(3):1-20. doi: 10.1177/2056305118786720.</span>! Quoting and Paraphrasing: Differences
!! Paraphrasing
A paraphrase is another author’s ideas expressed //in your own words//—\
without quotation marks, since it's no longer a word-for-word quotation. And \
just changing a few words from the original doesn't count!
> Many companies seek out YouTubers with good reputations to promote their \
brand and their products (Schwemmer and Ziewiecki 2018:4).
> ...
> References:
> <span class="hanging_indent">Schwemmer, Carsten and Sandra Ziewiecki. 2018. \
"Social Media Sellout: The Increasing Role of Product Promotion on YouTube." \
//Social Media + Society// 4(3):1-20. doi: 10.1177/2056305118786720.</span>! Quoting and Paraphrasing: Differences
!! Quoting
Now that you know the difference between quoting and paraphrasing, let's make \
sure you can do it properly in an actual assignment. Imagine that this is your \
essay so far:
> Product endorsement is increasingly common on YouTube. ''Since YouTube creators \
enjoy the reputation as reliable endorsers, companies search for appropriate \
influencers in the social media sphere in hope of finding credible people \
disseminating their brand's message.''
Is this plagiarism?
<<AnswerChoices
"style_asa_quotvpara_04" $next_common_passage "hide"
"style_asa_quotvpara_04_include_answer_yes" "Yes, this is plagiarism"
"style_asa_quotvpara_04_include_answer_no" "No, this is not plagiarism"
>>!! Correct
Good catch! This is plagiarism because the quotation is not in quotation marks \
and the source is not cited!
<<AnswerStatus
"style_asa_quotvpara_04"
"correct"
>>!! Incorrect
Oh yes, it is! This is plagiarism because the quotation is not in quotation \
marks and the source is not cited.
<<AnswerStatus
"style_asa_quotvpara_04"
"incorrect"
>>! Quoting and Paraphrasing: Differences
!! Quoting Revisions
Click "Fix it" to see how to quote without plagiarising.
> Product endorsement is increasingly common on YouTube. ''Since YouTube creators \
enjoy the reputation as reliable endorsers, companies search for appropriate \
influencers in the social media sphere in hope of finding credible people \
disseminating their brand's message.''
<<AnswerChoices
"style_asa_quotvpara_05" $next_common_passage "hide"
"style_asa_quotvpara_05_include_answer_fix" "Fix it"
>>!! Fixed
> Product endorsement is increasingly common on YouTube. ''"Since YouTube creators \
enjoy the reputation as reliable endorsers, companies search for appropriate \
influencers in the social media sphere in hope of finding credible people \
disseminating their brand's message" (Schwemmer and Ziewiecki 2018:4).''
> ...
> References:
> <span class="hanging_indent">Schwemmer, Carsten and Sandra Ziewiecki. 2018. \
"Social Media Sellout: The Increasing Role of Product Promotion on YouTube." \
//Social Media + Society// 4(3):1-20. doi: 10.1177/2056305118786720.</span>
<<AnswerStatus
"style_asa_quotvpara_05"
"fixed"
>>! Quoting and Paraphrasing: Differences
!! Paraphrasing
> Product endorsement is increasingly common on YouTube. ''Many companies seek \
out YouTubers with good reputations to promote their brand and their products.''
Is this plagiarism?
<<AnswerChoices
"style_asa_quotvpara_06" $next_common_passage "hide"
"style_asa_quotvpara_06_include_answer_yes" "Yes, this is plagiarism"
"style_asa_quotvpara_06_include_answer_no" "No, this is not plagiarism"
>>!! Correct
Definitely. The author has used their own words and sentence structure but \
forgotten to cite the source!
<<AnswerStatus
"style_asa_quotvpara_06"
"correct"
>>!! Incorrect
Actually, it IS plagiarism. Although they used their own words and sentence \
structure, they have forgotten to cite the source!
<<AnswerStatus
"style_asa_quotvpara_06"
"incorrect"
>>! Quoting and Paraphrasing: Differences
!! Paraphrasing Revisions
Click "Fix it" to see how to paraphrase without plagiarising.
> Product endorsement is increasingly common on YouTube. ''Many companies seek \
out YouTubers with good reputations to promote their brand and their products.''
<<AnswerChoices
"style_asa_quotvpara_07" $next_common_passage "hide"
"style_asa_quotvpara_07_include_answer_fix" "Fix it"
>>!! Fixed
> Product endorsement is increasingly common on YouTube. ''Many companies seek \
out YouTubers with good reputations to promote their brand and their products \
(Schwemmer and Ziewiecki 2018:4).''
> ...
> References:
> <span class="hanging_indent">Schwemmer, Carsten and Sandra Ziewiecki. 2018. \
"Social Media Sellout: The Increasing Role of Product Promotion on YouTube." \
//Social Media + Society// 4(3):1-20. doi: 10.1177/2056305118786720.</span>
<<AnswerStatus
"style_asa_quotvpara_07"
"fixed"
>>! Is this plagiarism?
> "Canadians may well be approaching another such juncture today as the result \
of two seemingly unrelated by in fact closely connected developments...".<sup>1</sup>
> ...
> <ol><li>Michael Hart, "Lessons from Canada's History as a Trading Nation," \
//International Journal// 58, no.1 (2002): 40, doi:10.2307/40203811.</li></ol>
> ...
> __Bibliography__
> Hart, Michael. "Lessons from Canada's History as a Trading Nation." \
//International Journal// 58, no.1 (2002): 25-42, doi:10.2307/40203811.
<<AnswerChoices
"style_chicago_plagiarism_01" $next_common_passage "hide"
"style_chicago_plagiarism_01_include_answer_yes" "Yes, this is plagiarism"
"style_chicago_plagiarism_01_include_answer_no" "No, this is not plagiarism"
>>!! Incorrect
This is not plagiarism.
Copying information word-for-word from a source is okay as long as you put \
quotation marks around the copied information and give credit to the source.
<<AnswerStatus
"style_chicago_plagiarism_01"
"incorrect"
>>!! Correct
You're right! This is not plagiarism because there are quotation marks around \
the copied information and the source is credited.
<<AnswerStatus
"style_chicago_plagiarism_01"
"correct"
>>! Is this plagiarism?
How about this?
Taking someone's ideas or words, putting them into your own words, and crediting \
the source.
> Since Canada had such a small economy it did not have much to say when it came \
to making trading deals with other nations.<sup>1</sup>
> ...
> <ol><li>Michael Hart, "Lessons from Canada's History as a Trading Nation," \
//International Journal// 58, no.1 (2002): 42, doi:10.2307/40203811.</li></ol>
> ...
> __Bibliography__
> Hart, Michael. "Lessons from Canada's History as a Trading Nation." \
//International Journal// 58, no.1 (2002): 25-42, doi:10.2307/40203811.
<<AnswerChoices
"style_chicago_plagiarism_02" $next_common_passage "hide"
"style_chicago_plagiarism_02_include_answer_yes" "Yes, this is plagiarism"
"style_chicago_plagiarism_02_include_answer_no" "No, this is not plagiarism"
>>!! Incorrect
Actually, this is not plagiarism: it's paraphrasing.
Paraphrasing is fine as long as you credit the source and the paraphrase is \
entirely in your words—just changing a couple words here and there \
doesn't cut it.
<<AnswerStatus
"style_chicago_plagiarism_02"
"incorrect"
>>!! Correct
You're right! This is not plagiarism. It's paraphrasing.
Paraphrasing is fine as long as you credit the source and the paraphrase is \
entirely in your words—just changing a couple words here and there \
doesn't cut it.
<<AnswerStatus
"style_chicago_plagiarism_02"
"correct"
>>! Common knowledge or not?
One sentence is common knowledge and the other is not. Pick the one that needs \
to be cited.
''Sentence A''
> Canada became a Confederation in 1867.
''Sentence B''
> Scholars and politicians are divided on whether Confederation constitutes an \
Act imposed by Britain or an agreement between sovereign colonies.
<<AnswerChoices
"style_chicago_knowledge_01" $next_common_passage "hide"
"style_chicago_knowledge_01_include_answer_a" "Sentence A"
"style_chicago_knowledge_01_include_answer_b" "Sentence B"
>>!! Incorrect
Actually, this is common knowledge and doesn't need to be cited. (But when in \
doubt, it's better to cite than not.)
<<AnswerStatus
"style_chicago_knowledge_01"
"incorrect"
>>!! Correct
You're right! This needs to be cited. It's from this book:
> Belshaw, J. //Canadian History: Post-Confederation.// British Columbia: \
BCcampus, 2016. """https://open.umn.edu/opentextbooks/textbooks/671""".
<<AnswerStatus
"style_chicago_knowledge_01"
"correct"
>>! Common knowledge or not?
One sentence is common knowledge and the other is not. Pick the one that needs \
to be cited.
''Sentence A''
> The Mexican peso devaluation in 1994 seriously affected the country's \
financial markets.
''Sentence B''
> The peso is the currency used in the country of Mexico.
<<AnswerChoices
"style_chicago_knowledge_02" $next_common_passage "hide"
"style_chicago_knowledge_02_include_answer_a" "Sentence A"
"style_chicago_knowledge_02_include_answer_b" "Sentence B"
>>!! Correct
You're right! This needs to be cited. It's from this journal article:
> Goldberg, C.S. and J.M. Veitch "Exchange rate crisis and firm values: A case \
study of Mexico's tequila crisis." //Journal of American Academy of Business// \
2, no. 2 (2003): 545-549.
<<AnswerStatus
"style_chicago_knowledge_02"
"correct"
>>!! Incorrect
Actually, this is common knowledge and doesn't need to be cited. (But when in \
doubt, it's better to cite than not.)
<<AnswerStatus
"style_chicago_knowledge_02"
"incorrect"
>>! Common knowledge or not?
One sentence is common knowledge and the other is not. Pick the one that needs \
to be cited.
''Sentence A''
> France is the third largest country in Europe.
''Sentence B''
> Paris is the Capitol of France.
<<AnswerChoices
"style_chicago_knowledge_03" $next_common_passage "hide"
"style_chicago_knowledge_03_include_answer_a" "Sentence A"
"style_chicago_knowledge_03_include_answer_b" "Sentence B"
>>!! Correct
You're right! This needs to be cited. It's from this website:
> Chepkemoi, Joyce. "The Largest Countries in Europe." WorldAtlas. Accessed \
May 31, 2018. """http://worldatlas.com/articles/the-largest-countries-in-europe.html""".
<<AnswerStatus
"style_chicago_knowledge_03"
"correct"
>>!! Incorrect
Actually, this is common knowledge and doesn't need to be cited. (But when in \
doubt, it's better to cite than not.)
<<AnswerStatus
"style_chicago_knowledge_03"
"incorrect"
>>! Quoting and Paraphrasing: Differences
Maybe it would help to show the difference between quoting and paraphrasing, and \
how to do each correctly using Chicago style.
Imagine that this passage from an eBook is one that you would like to use in \
your essay.
> The form of rule established by Diocletian at the end of the 3^^rd^^ century \
was effectively a rule of four: two Augusti (principle emperors) and two Caesares \
(or Ceasars, second-tier emperors), overseeing an empire that was split east and \
west...! Quoting and Paraphrasing: Differences
!! Quoting
A quotation uses exactly the same words as those found in the source material \
and puts them in quotation marks. Here's what a quotation looks like with a \
proper in-text reference in Chicago style:
> "The form of rule established by Diocletian at the end of the 3^^rd^^ century \
was effectively a rule of four: two Augusti (principle emperors) and two Caesares \
(or Ceasars, second-tier emperors), overseeing an empire that was split east and \
west...".<sup>1</sup>
> ...
> <ol><li>Andrew Leach, //Rome// (Oxford: Polity Press, 2016), 77, Proquest \
Ebook Central.</li></ol>
> ...
> __Bibliography__
> Leach, Andrew. //Rome.// Oxford: Polity Press. 2016. ProQuest Ebook Central.! Quoting and Paraphrasing: Differences
!! Paraphrasing
A paraphrase is another author’s ideas expressed //in your own words//—\
without quotation marks, since it's no longer a word-for-word quotation. And \
just changing a few words from the original doesn't count!
> A tetrarchy was used to rule Rome for a time at the end of the 3^^rd^^ century \
and into the 4^^th^^. This form of rule consisted of one emperor in the east and \
one in the west, known as Augusti. Each of these emperors had a second in command \
known as a Caesar, who would eventually gain the throne upon each emperor's \
retirement or death.<sup>1</sup>
> ...
> <ol><li>Andrew Leach, //Rome// (Oxford: Polity Press, 2016), 77, Proquest \
Ebook Central.</li></ol>
> ...
> __Bibliography__
> Leach, Andrew. //Rome.// Oxford: Polity Press. 2016. ProQuest Ebook Central.! Quoting and Paraphrasing: Differences
!! Quoting
Now that you know the difference between quoting and paraphrasing, let's make \
sure you can do it properly in an actual assignment. Imagine that this is your \
essay so far:
> In an interview, the Ukranian Health Minister, Anatoly Y. Romanenko ''advised \
residents not to have outings in the woods north of Kiev, near the 18-mile zone \
from which 135,000 people were evacuated two years ago.''
Is this plagiarism?
<<AnswerChoices
"style_chicago_quotvpara_04" $next_common_passage "hide"
"style_chicago_quotvpara_04_include_answer_yes" "Yes, this is plagiarism"
"style_chicago_quotvpara_04_include_answer_no" "No, this is not plagiarism"
>>!! Correct
Good catch! This is plagiarism because the quotation is not in quotation marks \
and the source is not cited!
<<AnswerStatus
"style_chicago_quotvpara_04"
"correct"
>>!! Incorrect
Oh yes, it is! This is plagiarism because the quotation is not in quotation \
marks and the source is not cited.
<<AnswerStatus
"style_chicago_quotvpara_04"
"incorrect"
>>! Quoting and Paraphrasing: Differences
!! Quoting Revisions
Click "Fix it" to see how to quote without plagiarising.
> In an interview, the Ukranian Health Minister, Anatoly Y. Romanenko ''advised \
residents not to have outings in the woods north of Kiev, near the 18-mile zone \
from which 135,000 people were evacuated two years ago.''
<<AnswerChoices
"style_chicago_quotvpara_05" $next_common_passage "hide"
"style_chicago_quotvpara_05_include_answer_fix" "Fix it"
>>!! Fixed
> In an interview, the Ukranian Health Minister, Anatoly Y. Romanenko "advised \
residents not to have outings in the woods north of Kiev, near the 18-mile zone \
from which 135,000 people were evacuated two years ago."<sup>1</sup>
> ...
> __Note__
> 1. Felicity Barringer, "Fear of Chernobyl Radiation Lingers for the people \
of Kiev," //New York Times,// May 23, 1998, \
"""https://ezproxy.acadiau.ca:9443/login?url=https://search-proquest-com.ezproxy.acadiau.ca:9443/docview/426829329?accountid=8172"""
> ...
> __Bibliography__
> Barringer, Felicity. "Fear of Chernobyl Radiation Lingers for the people \
of Kiev." //New York Times,// May 23, 1998. \
"""https://ezproxy.acadiau.ca:9443/login?url=https://search-proquest-com.ezproxy.acadiau.ca:9443/docview/426829329?accountid=8172"""
<<AnswerStatus
"style_chicago_quotvpara_05"
"fixed"
>>! Quoting and Paraphrasing: Differences
!! Paraphrasing
> Although the Ukranian Health Minister recommended that residents did not go in \
the woods near Kiev, he continued to disregard the worries residents had \
concerning radiation.
Is this plagiarism?
<<AnswerChoices
"style_chicago_quotvpara_06" $next_common_passage "hide"
"style_chicago_quotvpara_06_include_answer_yes" "Yes, this is plagiarism"
"style_chicago_quotvpara_06_include_answer_no" "No, this is not plagiarism"
>>!! Correct
Definitely. The author has used their own words and sentence structure but \
forgotten to cite the source!
<<AnswerStatus
"style_chicago_quotvpara_06"
"correct"
>>!! Incorrect
Actually, it IS plagiarism. Although they used their own words and sentence \
structure, they have forgotten to cite the source!
<<AnswerStatus
"style_chicago_quotvpara_06"
"incorrect"
>>! Quoting and Paraphrasing: Differences
!! Paraphrasing Revisions
Click "Fix it" to see how to paraphrase without plagiarising.
> Although the Ukranian Health Minister recommended that residents did not go in \
the woods near Kiev, he continued to disregard the worries residents had \
concerning radiation.
<<AnswerChoices
"style_chicago_quotvpara_07" $next_common_passage "hide"
"style_chicago_quotvpara_07_include_answer_fix" "Fix it"
>>!! Fixed
> Although the Ukranian Health Minister recommended that residents did not go in \
the woods near Kiev, he continued to disregard the worries residents had \
concerning radiation.<sup>1</sup>
> ...
> __Note__
> 1. Felicity Barringer, "Fear of Chernobyl Radiation Lingers for the people \
of Kiev," //New York Times,// May 23, 1998, \
"""https://ezproxy.acadiau.ca:9443/login?url=https://search-proquest-com.ezproxy.acadiau.ca:9443/docview/426829329?accountid=8172"""
> ...
> __Bibliography__
> Barringer, Felicity. "Fear of Chernobyl Radiation Lingers for the people \
of Kiev." //New York Times,// May 23, 1998. \
"""https://ezproxy.acadiau.ca:9443/login?url=https://search-proquest-com.ezproxy.acadiau.ca:9443/docview/426829329?accountid=8172"""
<<AnswerStatus
"style_chicago_quotvpara_07"
"fixed"
>>! Is this plagiarism?
Copying a direct quotation into your paper, placing quotation marks around it, \
and crediting the source.
> "At the end of the Middle Ages, leprosy disappeared from the Western world" \
(Foucault 3).
> ...
> Works Cited:
> <span class="hanging_indent">Foucault, Michel. //Madness and Civilization.// \
Random House, 1965.</span>
<<AnswerChoices
"style_mla_plagiarism_01" $next_common_passage "hide"
"style_mla_plagiarism_01_include_answer_yes" "Yes, this is plagiarism"
"style_mla_plagiarism_01_include_answer_no" "No, this is not plagiarism"
>>!! Incorrect
This is not plagiarism.
Copying information word-for-word from a source is okay as long as you put \
quotation marks around the copied information and give credit to the source.
<<AnswerStatus
"style_mla_plagiarism_01"
"incorrect"
>>!! Correct
You're right! This is not plagiarism because there are quotation marks around \
the copied information and the source is credited.
<<AnswerStatus
"style_mla_plagiarism_01"
"correct"
>>! Is this plagiarism?
How about this?
Taking someone's ideas or words, putting them into your own words, and crediting \
the source.
> Leprosy was eradicated in the west by the end of medieval times (Foucault 3).
> ...
> Works Cited:
> <span class="hanging_indent">Foucault, Michel. //Madness and Civilization.// \
Random House, 1965.</span>
<<AnswerChoices
"style_mla_plagiarism_02" $next_common_passage "hide"
"style_mla_plagiarism_02_include_answer_yes" "Yes, this is plagiarism"
"style_mla_plagiarism_02_include_answer_no" "No, this is not plagiarism"
>>!! Incorrect
Actually, this is not plagiarism: it's paraphrasing.
Paraphrasing is fine as long as you credit the source and the paraphrase is \
entirely in your words—just changing a couple words here and there \
doesn't cut it.
<<AnswerStatus
"style_mla_plagiarism_02"
"incorrect"
>>!! Correct
You're right! This is not plagiarism. It's paraphrasing.
Paraphrasing is fine as long as you credit the source and the paraphrase is \
entirely in your words—just changing a couple words here and there \
doesn't cut it.
<<AnswerStatus
"style_mla_plagiarism_02"
"correct"
>>! Common knowledge or not?
One sentence is common knowledge and the other is not. Pick the one that needs \
to be cited.
''Sentence A''
> Bram Stoker is the author of //Dracula//.
''Sentence B''
> Bram Stoker's death certificate suggests that he died of tertiary syphilis.
<<AnswerChoices
"style_mla_knowledge_01" $next_common_passage "hide"
"style_mla_knowledge_01_include_answer_a" "Sentence A"
"style_mla_knowledge_01_include_answer_b" "Sentence B"
>>!! Incorrect
Actually, this is common knowledge and doesn't need to be cited. (But when in \
doubt, it's better to cite than not.)
<<AnswerStatus
"style_mla_knowledge_01"
"incorrect"
>>!! Correct
You're right! This needs to be cited. It's from this journal article:
> Fry, Carol L., and John Robert Craig. "'Unfit for Earth, Undoomed for Heaven': \
The Genesis of Coppola's Byronic Dracula." //Literature and Film Quarterly//, \
vol. 30, no. 4, 1994, pp. 271-78.
<<AnswerStatus
"style_mla_knowledge_01"
"correct"
>>! Common knowledge or not?
One sentence is common knowledge and the other is not. Pick the one that needs \
to be cited.
''Sentence A''
> Shakespeare probably earned about 200 pounds a year from his work in the \
theatre.
''Sentence B''
> William Shakespeare was born in England in the 16th century.
<<AnswerChoices
"style_mla_knowledge_02" $next_common_passage "hide"
"style_mla_knowledge_02_include_answer_a" "Sentence A"
"style_mla_knowledge_02_include_answer_b" "Sentence B"
>>!! Correct
You're right! This needs to be cited. It's from this book:
> Hyland, Peter. //An Introduction to Shakespeare: The Dramatist in His \
Context//. St. Martin's Press, 1996.
<<AnswerStatus
"style_mla_knowledge_02"
"correct"
>>!! Incorrect
Actually, this is common knowledge and doesn't need to be cited. (But when in \
doubt, it's better to cite than not.)
<<AnswerStatus
"style_mla_knowledge_02"
"incorrect"
>>! Common knowledge or not?
One sentence is common knowledge and the other is not. Pick the one that needs \
to be cited.
''Sentence A''
> Tolkien's //The Hobbit//, published in 1937, was originally written for \
Tolkien's own children.
''Sentence B''
> J.R.R. Tolkien is the author of //The Lord Of The Rings//.
<<AnswerChoices
"style_mla_knowledge_03" $next_common_passage "hide"
"style_mla_knowledge_03_include_answer_a" "Sentence A"
"style_mla_knowledge_03_include_answer_b" "Sentence B"
>>!! Correct
You're right! This needs to be cited. It's from this website:
> Wood, Ralph C. "Biography of J.R.R. Tolkein." //LeadershipU//, \
"""http://www.learderu.com/humanities/wood-biography.html""".
<<AnswerStatus
"style_mla_knowledge_03"
"correct"
>>!! Incorrect
Actually, this is common knowledge and doesn't need to be cited. (But when in \
doubt, it's better to cite than not.)
<<AnswerStatus
"style_mla_knowledge_03"
"incorrect"
>>! Quoting and Paraphrasing: Differences
Maybe it would help to show the difference between quoting and paraphrasing, and \
how to do each correctly using MLA style.
> In //The Pastures of Heaven//, readers first see the natural and poetic use \
of language familiar in Steinbeck's greatest works.! Quoting and Paraphrasing: Differences
!! Quoting
A quotation uses exactly the same words as those found in the source material \
and puts them in quotation marks. Here's what a quotation looks like with a \
proper in-text reference in MLA style:
> "In //The Pastures of Heaven//, readers first see the natural and poetic use \
of language familiar in Steinbeck's greatest works" (Burkhead 17).
> ...
> Works Cited:
> <span class="hanging_indent">Burkhead, Cynthia. \
//Student Companion to John Steinbeck.// Greenwood, 2002.</span>! Quoting and Paraphrasing: Differences
!! Paraphrasing
A paraphrase is another author’s ideas expressed //in your own words//—\
without quotation marks, since it's no longer a word-for-word quotation. And \
just changing a few words from the original doesn't count!
> The first use of Steinbeck's works to use language in the poetic way for which \
he became famous is //The Pastures of Heaven// (Burkhead 17).
> ...
> Works Cited:
> <span class="hanging_indent">Burkhead, Cynthia. \
//Student Companion to John Steinbeck.// Greenwood, 2002.</span>! Quoting and Paraphrasing: Differences
!! Quoting
Let's look at an example in context:
> Steinbeck's early works betray an undeveloped style. ''In //The Pastures of \
Heaven//, readers first see the natural and poetic use of language familiar in \
Steinbeck's greatest works.''
Is this plagiarism?
<<AnswerChoices
"style_mla_quotvpara_04" $next_common_passage "hide"
"style_mla_quotvpara_04_include_answer_yes" "Yes, this is plagiarism"
"style_mla_quotvpara_04_include_answer_no" "No, this is not plagiarism"
>>!! Correct
Good catch! This is plagiarism because the quotation is not in quotation marks \
and the source is not cited!
<<AnswerStatus
"style_mla_quotvpara_04"
"correct"
>>!! Incorrect
Oh yes, it is! This is plagiarism because the quotation is not in quotation \
marks and the source is not cited.
<<AnswerStatus
"style_mla_quotvpara_04"
"incorrect"
>>! Quoting and Paraphrasing: Differences
!! Quoting Revisions
Click "Fix it" to see how to quote without plagiarising.
> Steinbeck's early works betray an undeveloped style. ''In //The Pastures of \
Heaven//, readers first see the natural and poetic use of language familiar in \
Steinbeck's greatest works.''
<<AnswerChoices
"style_mla_quotvpara_05" $next_common_passage "hide"
"style_mla_quotvpara_05_include_answer_fix" "Fix it"
>>!! Fixed
> Steinbeck's early works betray an undeveloped style. ''In //The Pastures of \
Heaven//, readers first see the natural and poetic use of language familiar in \
Steinbeck's greatest works'' (Burkhead 17).
> ...
> Works Cited:
> <span class="hanging_indent">Burkhead, Cynthia. \
//Student Companion to John Steinbeck.// Greenwood, 2002.</span>
<<AnswerStatus
"style_mla_quotvpara_05"
"fixed"
>>! Quoting and Paraphrasing: Differences
!! Paraphrasing
> Steinbeck's early works betray an undeveloped style. ''The first of \
Steinbeck's works to use language in the poetic way for which he became famous \
is //The Pastures of Heaven//.''
Is this plagiarism?
<<AnswerChoices
"style_mla_quotvpara_06" $next_common_passage "hide"
"style_mla_quotvpara_06_include_answer_yes" "Yes, this is plagiarism"
"style_mla_quotvpara_06_include_answer_no" "No, this is not plagiarism"
>>!! Correct
Definitely. The author has used their own words and sentence structure but \
forgotten to cite the source!
<<AnswerStatus
"style_mla_quotvpara_06"
"correct"
>>!! Incorrect
Actually, it IS plagiarism. Although they used their own words and sentence \
structure, they have forgotten to cite the source!
<<AnswerStatus
"style_mla_quotvpara_06"
"incorrect"
>>! Quoting and Paraphrasing: Differences
!! Paraphrasing Revisions
Click "Fix it" to see how to paraphrase without plagiarising.
> Steinbeck's early works betray an undeveloped style. ''The first of \
Steinbeck's works to use language in the poetic way for which he became famous \
is //The Pastures of Heaven//.''
<<AnswerChoices
"style_mla_quotvpara_07" $next_common_passage "hide"
"style_mla_quotvpara_07_include_answer_fix" "Fix it"
>>!! Fixed
> Steinbeck's early works betray an undeveloped style. ''The first of \
Steinbeck's works to use language in the poetic way for which he became famous \
is //The Pastures of Heaven//'' (Burkhead 17).
> ...
> Works Cited:
> <span class="hanging_indent">Burkhead, Cynthia. \
//Student Companion to John Steinbeck.// Greenwood, 2002.</span>
<<AnswerStatus
"style_mla_quotvpara_07"
"fixed"
>>! Tutorial Usage and Licensing
Thank you for your interest in Acadia's Information Literacy Online \
modules—a series of tutorials developed by librarians in the \
[[Vaughan Memorial Library|https://library.acadiau.ca]] at Acadia University. \
Acadia's librarians use these modules to teach basic research skills to students \
and to supplement one-on-one and in-class information literacy instruction.
Anyone is permitted to access, display, print, or embed these tutorials for \
non-commercial research and educational purposes. Commercial use, however, is \
not permitted.
Institutions wishing to modify a tutorial for non-commercial research and \
educational purposes must license the source files from Acadia University. \
Please contact us at the email address below to request a software license \
agreement. Note that the license must be signed by the appropriate signing \
officer at your institution. Upon acceptance of the license application by \
Acadia University, you will be contacted with information about transferring a \
copy of the source file.
Comments or questions should be emailed to: \
[[information.literacy.online@acadiau.ca|mailto:information.literacy.online@acadiau.ca]].
<div class="passage_link"><<back "< Back">></div><div class="debug">
!!! DEBUG: Passages
<ul>
<<set _lk_story_passages = Story.lookup("passages")>>
<<for _i to 0; _i lt _lk_story_passages.length; _i++>>
<li>[[_lk_story_passages[_i].title]]</li>
<</for>>
</ul>
</div><div class="debug">
!!! DEBUG: Variables
<ul>
<li>turns = <<print turns()>></li>
<<for _key, _val range State.variables>>
<<if Array.isArray(_val)>>
<<for _arr_key, _arr_val range _val>>
<li><<print _key + "[" + _arr_key + "]">> = <<print JSON.stringify(_arr_val)>></li>
<</for>>
<<elseif _val instanceof Object>>
<li><<print _key>> = <<print JSON.stringify(_val)>></li>
<<else>>
<li><<print _key>> = <<print _val>></li>
<</if>>
<</for>>
</ul>
</div><div class="debug">
!!! DEBUG: Avatar Reactions
<ul>
<<script>>
var a, b, j, k, x, y, z, markup = "";
x = Object.keys(State.getVar("$avatar['reaction']"));
for(j = 0; j < x.length; j++) {
y = Object.keys(State.getVar("$avatar['reaction']['" + x[j] + "']"));
for(k = 0; k < y.length; k++) {
markup = markup + '<li><<GenerateAvatar "' + y[k] + '" "' + x[j] + '">> ' + x[j] + ' - ' + y[k] + '</li>';
}
}
jQuery(this.output).wiki(markup);
<</script>>
</ul>
</div><div class="debug">
!!! DEBUG: Controls
<ul class="debug">
<li>Current passage: <<print passage()>></li>
<li>Current tags: <<print tags()>></li>
<li><<link "Engine Restart">><<script>>Engine.restart();<</script>><</link>></li>
<li><<link "UI Restart">><<script>>UI.restart();<</script>><</link>></li>
</ul>
</div>